Abstract
Objective: To map the production of knowledge regarding the recommendations for the preoperative preparation of any type of cardiac surgery, whether elective or urgent, of patients over 18 years old in hospitalization units. Method: A scoping review carried out in December 2020 in 11 data sources, following the Joanna Briggs Institute recommendations, with descriptive data analysis. Results: A total of 27 studies were selected and characterized, identifying the following as the main preoperative recommendations for cardiac surgeries: preoperative education, medications, scales for postoperative risk stratification, inspiratory muscle training and tests. Conclusion: The recommendations presented efficacy in hemodynamic stability, attenuation of the patient's fear and anxiety regarding the surgery, of the number of arrhythmias and hospitalizations, of the mortality rate and of postoperative complications.
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