Resumo
Objetivo: Avaliar os efeitos de um sistema de apoio e educação para cuidadores sobre o conhecimento dos cuidadores, as práticas de prevenção de lesões por pressão e a incidência de lesões por pressão em idosos dependentes. Método: Foi realizado um estudo quase-experimental, com dois grupos e avaliação pré e pós-intervenção, envolvendo 80 díades cuidador-paciente recrutadas em quatro hospitais da Região de Saúde 4, na Tailândia. O Grupo Experimental recebeu um sistema digital de apoio baseado na autoeficácia, que incluía registros diários das práticas, vídeos demonstrativos, mensagens de lembrete, consultas de enfermagem e suporte para o gerenciamento do estresse, enquanto o Grupo Controle recebeu os cuidados habituais. Os dados foram analisados por meio de estatística descritiva, teste t pareado, teste t independente e teste do qui-quadrado. Resultados: Após a exposição ao sistema digital de apoio baseado na autoeficácia, o Grupo Experimental apresentou escores de conhecimento significativamente mais altos do que o Grupo Controle (12,13±1,84 versus 10,88±2,16; p=0,007) e escores totais mais altos de práticas preventivas (28,40±5,84 versus 25,45±6,94; p=0,043). A prática de higienização da pele também apresentou diferença significativa (p=0,023). A incidência de lesões por pressão foi menor no Grupo Experimental do que no Grupo Controle (10,0% versus 12,5%), porém a diferença não foi estatisticamente significativa (p=0,72). Conclusão: O sistema aprimorou o conhecimento e as práticas preventivas dos cuidadores e deve ser integrado ao planejamento da alta e aos cuidados de transição.
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