Symbolic interactionism perspective of communication in management nursing: meaning, actions and changes

Resumo

The purpose of this investigation was to analyze the meanings, the meaningful actions and the changes that  happen in the  management  communication in nursing,  based  in the symbolic interactionism perspective by means of a abstraction of the reality of nurses who manage the services of nursing a hospital unit, in the city of Manaus-Amazonas, North of Brazil, from June 15 2000 to January 12 of 2001. The informers of the study completed a sample of 30 nurses who included themselves in the selection criteria and ethical aspects. The techniques of free observation  and  semi-structured  interview  with  speeches  recorder  in  tapes  were  used. The information was organized in a text editor, passing by a detailed exam through the technique of content  analysis.  The  result  was  taken  from  the  interviews  and  the  observations  of  the researcher,  putting  together  a  group  of  four  great themes:  management  communication, meaningful  actions,  changes  and  tactile-visual  field.  The  meaning  of  the  management communication  in  nursing  express  that  this  kind  of communication  occurs  through  shared creation  of  meaningful  symbols  coming  from  interactive  actions  of  managers  and  yours subordinates. Concerning the meaningful  actions,  they  are symbols with  different  meaning, constructed by communication and interaction of nurse-managers with the other people, from which  the  more  evidenced  were  the  care  management, the  managing  functions,  and interpersonal  relationship.  For  these  informers,  the  changes  became  possible  through  the interpretative process of each people involved in the managing communication, as each change was considered a real fact the makes part of the nursing routine. It was realized in the tactile-visual field that the nature of the communication objects exist for the nurses as products of symbolic interaction with the managing work of nursing and hospital as a whole. From these results, it is established the thesis that the effective communication in the managing in nursing occurs through the partaking of meaningful symbols constructed by means of interaction due to the communication process in the missionary work of nursing – the human care.