Resumen
Objetivo: Identificar, por medio de evidencias científicas, los factores predictores de mortalidad en pacientes en uso de Ventilación Mecánica Invasora. Método: Revisión integradora de literatura. La búsqueda fue realizada en las bases de datos Pubmed, Cochrane y Web of Science, por medio de la estrategia PICO, utilizando los descrictores: “humans”, “respiration, artificial”, “mechanical ventilation”, “ventilator weaning”, “mechanical ventilator weaning”, “mortality” e “hospital mortality”, mediada por los operadores booleanos AND y OR. Resultados: Fueron seleccionados 26 artículos, cuyo análisis posibilitó una discusión direccionada a la identificación de los factores predictores de mortalidad, clasificados en predictores clínicos y ventilatoria; y los principales cambios en las conductas ventilatorias ocurridas a lo largo de los años. De los 26 artículos encontrados, 96% fueron publicados en lengua inglesa, 92% son estudios observacionales, 4% metaanálisis y 4% ensayos clínicos. Conclusión: El desmame prolongado, la falla de extubación y la Re intubación fueron los principales predictores identificados por los estudios analizados.Citas
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